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Emission Standards |
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The requirements that set limit to the amount of pollutants that can be released into the atmosphere are emission standards. These standards generally regulate the release of pollutants by automobiles, factories, power plants etc. the pollutants include nitrogen and sulfir oxides, particulate matter (PM) or soot, carbon monoxide (CO), or volatile hydrocarbons.
These standards set an upper limit to the amount of pollutants above which control measures must be taken. |
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| Indian emission standards | | Ministry of Environment and Forests
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)
State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) - in respective states
Pollution Control Committees - in respective territories
BACKGROUND :
India started setting standards in the late 1980s when the first Indian emission regulations Idle Emission Limits became effective in 1989. These idle emission regulations were soon replaced by mass emission limits for both gasoline (1991) and diesel (1992) vehicles. Since the year 2000, India started adopting European emission and fuel regulations for four-wheeled light-duty and for heavy-duty vehicles. Indian own emission regulations still apply to two- and three-wheeled vehicles.
At present all transport vehicles must carry a fitness certificate that should be renewed each year after the first two years of new vehicle registration.
OVERVIEW OF THE EMISSION NORMS IN INDIA :
1991 - Idle CO Limits for Gasoline Vehicles and Free Acceleration Smoke for Diesel Vehicles, Mass Emission Norms for Gasoline Vehicles.
1992 - Mass Emission Norms for Diesel Vehicles.
1996 - Revision of Mass Emission Norms for Gasoline and Diesel Vehicles, mandatory fitment of Catalytic Converter for Cars in Metros on Unleaded Gasoline.
1998 - Cold Start Norms Introduced.
2000 - India 2000 (Eq. to Euro I) Norms, Modified IDC (Indian Driving Cycle), Bharat Stage II Norms for Delhi.
2001 - Bharat Stage II (Eq. to Euro II) Norms for All Metros, Emission Norms for CNG & LPG Vehicles.
2003 - Bharat Stage II (Eq. to Euro II) Norms for 11 major cities.
2005 - From 1st April Bharat Stage III (Eq. to Euro III) Norms for 11 major cities.
2010 - Bharat Stage III Emission Norms for 4-wheelers for entire country whereas Bharat Stage - IV (Eq. to Euro IV) for 11 major cities. | |
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